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OUTSOURCING SCHOOL SUPPORT SERVICES
NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on outsourcing school services such as school maintenance and custodial services, food service, and student transportation. 
Maintenance Outsourcing - Critical Issues.
http://www.maintenanceresources.com/referencelibrary/maintenancemanagement/outsourcing.htm Dunn, Sandy (Maintenance Resources, Inc., 2007)
Discusses a number of issues facing organizations that are considering maintenance outsourcing as an improvement initiative, including: How much maintenance to outsource;
Establishing an appropriate tendering process; Establishing an appropriate specification of requirements; Establishing an appropriate contract payment structure; Establishing an appropriate contract administration process and structure; Establishing an appropriate structure for the contract document; Managing the transition to the outsourced arrangement; and Agreeing contract termination arrangements.
Course Corrections. Experts Offer Solutions to the College Cost Crisis.
http://www.makingopportunityaffordable.org/pdfs/solution_papers/Collegecosts_Oct2005.pdf (Lumina Foundation for Education , Oct 2005)
This paper discusses outsourcing as one solution to the college cost crisis. It is not presented as the solution; rather, it is put forth as an attractive strategy characterized by minimal financial and programmatic risk. To explore the basic policy considerations associated with outsourcing, this paper briefly reviews why institutions consider outsourcing, the current use and trends among institutions implementing outsourcing as a management strategy, potential new areas for outsourcing, the challenges associated with outsourcing, solutions to address those challenges, and approaches for institutions considering outsourcing. The authors present case examples to support outsourcing as one solution to the strategy of college cost containment, including examples of cost savings and service delivery improvements experienced by several institutions who implemented one or more outsourcing solutions. [Authors' abstract]
Outsourcing in Higher Education. ERIC Digest
http://www.ericdigests.org/2001-3/outsourcing.htm Wood, Patricia A. (ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC , 2000)
Higher education has increasingly turned to outsourcing to improve service in the face of declining resources. Outsourcing has traditionally been used to operate campus bookstores and dining services and has more recently become a legitimate option for additional campus functions, such as facilities operation, computer services, security, child care, and remedial classes. Advocates argue that the private sector provides service more efficiently and at lower cost than the public sector, which is unmotivated by profit. Critics of outsourcing point out its human resource consequences. 4p.
Using Contractors To Cook, Clean, and Drive the Bus
http://www.reason.org/ps221.html Beales, Janet R., Ed.; Adelson, Leslie; Murphy, John E.; Edney, John; Shira, Lowell C.; Ostler, Gail (Reason Foundation, Making Schools Work Conference,Santa Barbara, CA , Dec 1996)
Edited transcripts from five speakers at the Reason Foundation's Making School Work Conference are provided in which they share their experiences in planning for and contracting out various school services. Bid solicitation and evaluation are discussed in the areas of food service, student transportation, and school maintenance and custodial services. The final speaker discusses use of a feasibility study as a guidepost when deciding to outsource a service.
Report NO: 221
Competitive Contracting in Ohio Public Schools.
http://www.buckeyeinstitute.org/docs/21664h.pdf (Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions, Dayton, OH , 1996)
Reports and analyzes the results of a state-wide survey of school district contracting activity in five areas: building maintenance, janitorial services, administrative services, food service, and transportation. 35.9% of all Ohio school districts utilize the private sector to provide some portion of these services. 14% of school districts outsource a portion or all of their bus transportation; 14% their building maintenance, 10.1 % their food services, 7.3% their janitorial services, and 3.8 their administrative services. About $100 million of school spending for these services is outsourced to the private sector, which represents about 7% of school spending in these areas. Ohio public school districts could save as much as $180 million annually if they achieved 10% cost savings from further contracting out in these areas, or as much as $360 million if they achieved 20% cost savings from further contracting out in these areas. 13p.
Doing More with Less: Competitive Contracting for School-Support Services. Policy Study No. 179.
http://www.reason.org/ps179.html Beales, Janet R. (Reason Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, Sep 1994)
To cut costs, some administrators are contracting with the private sector for such services as pupil transportation, facilities maintenance, and cafeteria operations. Proponents of competitive contracting assert that it can provide public schools with the kind of expertise, flexibility, and cost efficiencies not always available with inhouse service provision. This document offers reasons for private-sector contracting and describes the scope of current service-provision practices in the areas of food service, busing, and maintenance. It describes four steps in deciding whether to opt for alternative methods of service provision, discusses five stages in the bidding process, and describes pitfalls to avoid. Case studies highlight the experiences of several school districts. 33p.
Preserving "In-House" Physical Plants.
http://appa.org/files/PDFs/Roberts.pdf Roberts, James (APPA, Alexandria, VA , 1994)
Narrates an experience with downsizing and then attempted outsourcing of facilities services at the small, private higher education institution. To assist other facility managers facing similar situations, the author describes his extensive research of other institutions' facilities practices, his advocacy for retaining facilities services in-house, and his ultimate success. Includes three references. 19p.
The Outsourcing Question.
http://www.asbj.com/MainMenuCategory/Archive/2008/June/TheOutsourcingQuestion.a spx Sack-Min, Joetta American School Board Journal; v195 n6 , p22-24 ; Jun 2008
Reviews the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing school food service. Situations where it has worked and districts are saving money are described, as well as those where it has not. Employee relations are typically the greatest obstacle to overcome.
Pros and Cons of Security Outsourcing.
http://www.peterli.com/spm/resources/articles/archive.php?article_id=1777 Fickes, Michael School Planning and Management; v47 n4 , p20-24 ; Apr 2008
Lists reasons for assigning school security duties to school security professionals, rather than to facilities staff or local law enforcement. Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing these duties are described, including costs, personal investment in the school community, and access to technology.
Outsourcing Campus Security Operations.
http://www2.peterli.com/cpm/resources/articles/archive.php?article_id=1792 Kollie, Ellen College Planning and Management; v11 n4 , p20,22 ; Apr 2008
Details the agreement between Auburn University and the city of Auburn whereby the city provides campus security via the municipal police force.
Time to Bring in Contract Security.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=155 Tomosaitis, Nancy Campus Safety; v16 n2 , p44,46,47 ; Mar-Apr 2008
Discusses Vanderbilt University's experiences with student security monitors, and their conversion to outsourced security. This move came with its own concerns, the resolution of which is also discussed.
Outsourcing Survival Tips.
Brown, Doug; Wilson, Scott American School Board Journal; v194 n10 , p37,38 ; Oct 2007
Advises school officials who are considering outsourcing support services to begin with a feasibility study, including a thorough assessment of the current state of the school system's services. Suggested steps in the feasibility study are followed by advice on securing support and questions to answer concerning entering, and possibly exiting, outsourcing programs.
TO ORDER:
http://www.asbj.com/MainMenuCategory/Archive/2007/October/OutsourcingSurvivalTips.aspx?DID=37979
Strategic Outsourcing.
http://www.facilitiesnet.com/ms/article.asp?id=7441&keywords=outsourcing,%20comm ercial,%20contractor Hounsell, Dan Maintenance Solutions; v15 n9 , p6,8 ; Sep 2007
Discusses outsourcing of facilities services, using the experience of State Farm Insurance's facility managers to discuss successful and unsuccessful endeavors. Relationships with contractors and careful utilization of in-house expertise are key components of successful outsourcing.
Privatizing Pennsylvania, and Then Un-Privatizing.
Wohl, Jerel Academe; v93 n5 , p24-26 ; Sep-Oct 2007
Nearly ten years ago, the University of Pennsylvania announced that it would outsource its facilities and real-estate operations to Trammell Crow Higher Education Services, Inc. The agreement included management of school facilities--155 buildings over 269 acres on the West Philadelphia campus. It also included construction management and oversight of the university's real-estate portfolio. Then, in 2002, the agreement with Trammell Crow was completely terminated and the university took back the responsibility for management of its capital projects, as well as the property management of real-estate holdings. The author reports the impact of the outsourcing arrangement and the changes made by Trammell Crow at Penn and its facilities operation.
Ins and Outs of Outsourcing.
http://www.districtadministration.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=1247 Maciejewski, Jennifer District Administration; v43 n8 , p50-54 ; Aug 2007
Reviews advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing of school support services, as well as typical community and staff objections. Advice on making outsourcing work is offered, addressing clear and detailed communication with constituents and contractors, liability, performing due diligence, and accurately assessing the costs and savings.
How Much Privatization is Too Much?
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/1553.shtm Romeo, Jim School Planning and Management; v46 n7 , p21-23 ; Jul 2007
Describes savings that some school districts have realized through privatization of janitorial, transportation, and food services. Advantages and disadvantages of privatization are discussed, as are typical obstacles and objections to the process.
Contract vs. In-House Staff: Finding the Right Souce for Custodial and Maintenance Operations.
http://www.acui.org/publications/bulletin/article.aspx?issue=448&id=2298 Bigger, Alan; Bigger, Linda
Reviews the pros and cons of outsourcing custodial and maintenance services at higher education institutions. Efficiency, flexible staffing, ability to concentrate on core mission, personnel management, availability of specialty services, and training are seen as benefits of outsourced services, whereas a sense of ownership, security, corporate culture, stability, and institutional knowledge are benefits of in-house staffing. Advice on selecting outsourcing services is included.
Facilities Directors Speak Out.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=728 Ezarik, Melissa University Business; v10 n4 , p58-62 ; Apr 2007
Presents the opinions of four higher education facilities directors regarding the role of facilities in competing for students, security, preparing future leaders, customer service, outsourcing, total cost of ownership, and facilities reinvestment.
Contract Operations and Environmental Stewardship.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1343.shtm McKeown, Douglas College Planning and Management; v10 n4 , pG16,G18,G20 ; Apr 2007
Describes services typically outsourced to contract operations because environmental laws and stewardship are involved. A brief history of contract operations is followed by descriptions of benefits to the institution in the areas of labor, laboratory work, maintenance, health, safety, chemicals, energy, and specialized expertise.
Shaping the Future on Campus.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1266.shtm College Planning and Management; v10 n1 , p16-22 ; Jan 2007
Presents the predictions of several experts on the direction of higher education facility design, including continued increase of collaborative space, "neighborhood" residential design, building information modeling, varied dining venues and menus, and outsourcing.
A Greener Attitude.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=549 Akel, Martin University Business; v9 n9 , p58-61 ; Sep 2006
Summarizes the results of a survey of higher education purchasing agents indicating that 84.5 percent of them consider the sustainablity of the products they buy as "somewhat significant, significant, or very significant." Vendors' ecological advantages are considered 82.4 percent of the time, and only 12.6 percent do not outsource any services.
The Outs (and Ins) of Facility Management.
http://www2.universitybusiness.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=215 Sturgeon, Julie University Business; v9 n7 , p84-88 ; Jul 2006
Discusses outsourcing of higher education facility management services. Good and bad experiences from various institutions are described, with the main advantage typically seen as the institution's ability to focus on the core mission of education, and the main disadvantage being incompatibility between institution and contractor culture. Savings are often, but not always, realized in outsourced arrangements, but sometimes a vastly improved service is seen as worth the extra expense. Advice on a transition to outsourced services is included.
Trends in Contracted Campus Services.
Pittman, Jeffrey College Planning and Management; v9 n4 , p25,26,28 ; Apr 2006
Discusses the advancement of outsourcing of campus services from food and vending services to computing, career services, healthcare, housing, and a variety of other endeavors. Privatization is generally believed to help institutions in focusing on their mission. Challenges of returning to self-operated services are discussed, as are the advantages of partnering over outsourcing.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb055/is_200604/ai_n18808410
Outsourcing and Contract Services.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/1129.shtm Sands, Robert School Planning and Management; v45 n4 , p25-27 ; Apr 2006
Defines outsourcing and out-tasking, relating its typical advantages and disadvantages, and strong opinions for or against it. Advice on creating an agreeable outsourcing arrangement is detailed, emphasizing proper alignment of school district and contractor culture and values.
Colleges Rely on Consortia, Contractors, and Ingenuity to Cut Costs
Gose, Ben Chronicle of Higher Education; v52 n21 , pB1-5 ; Jan 2006
The US colleges are struggling with soaring tuition costs as state support is unable to keep up with enrollment growth, and college officials are becoming more creative in finding ways to reduce expenses. Higher education institutions are increasingly outsourcing non-academic activities, collaborating with other institutions to share goods and services, and absorbing greater financial risks when long-term savings seem likely.
Maintenance Contracts for 11th Graders.
Adams, Matt Facilities Manager; v21 n6 , p52,53 ; Nov-Dec 2005
Advises on appropriate outsourcing of maintenance tasks that cannot be accomplished with existing staff, particularly when the budget will not accommodate the addition of any new employees.
Ten Tips to Help Stretch Maintenance Budgets.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/992.shtm Fickes, Michael School Planning and Management; v44 n10 , p17-19 ; Oct 2005
Offers money-saving maintenance ideas submitted by school facility mangers, including performing routine tasks less frequently, empowering and equipping teachers and principals to investigate maintenance situations, collective purchasing, energy management, flexible scheduling, and outsourcing.
The Temptations and Realities of Outsourcing
Wertz, Richard D. Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, Trusteeship ; v13 n5 , p30-33 ; Sep-Oct 2005
As colleges and universities attempt to produce additional revenue and enhance their services, more are entering into contracts with private companies. Some agreements involve lengthy commitments, and this means that outsourcing contracts require thorough review by boards of trustees, which are being called upon to act with greater diligence to monitor quality and handle the possible public perception that "big business" has taken over the campus. This article reviews reasons for outsourcing, presents caveats for institutions considering entering into outsourcing contracts, and lays out some important steps in launching the outsourcing process.
The Public Benefits of Privatization.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/947.shtm Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v8 n7 , p38,40,41 ; Jul 2005
Describes cost-saving benefits of outsourcing campus services, as well as ways to retain current staff in these services when outsourcing.
Always on Call.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_always_call/ Exall, Marian American School and University; v77 n10 , p60,62,64 ; May 2005
Discusses the use of 24-hour hotlines for reporting of safety and security threats. Hotlines are recommended to encourage anonymous reporting of situations to a person who is trained to separate the critical from the mundane, and to route information to the correct staff person. The type of training needed for hotline staff and possible outsourcing to ensure confidentiality are also discussed.
Facility Management Outsourcing: Seven Steps to Success.
http://asbointl.org/asbo/files/ Maechling, Timothy School Business Affairs; v71 n5 , p6,8,10,12,13 ; May 2005
Describes seven steps toward successful facility management outsourcing: 1) Develop a site-by- site scope-of-work and service level agreements. 2) Understand baseline facility management costs. 3) Pinpoint opportunities to reduce costs. 4) Choose an outsourcing partner based on total results, not just price. 5) Ensure executive-level sponsorship. 6)Make a commitment to mutual trust and effective communication. 7) Keep the proposal process as simple as possible.
Making the Most of It.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_making/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v77 n5 , p51-53 ; Jan 2005
This discusses 10 ways that administrators can try to accomplish more with the resources they have: facility assessment, computerized maintenance management systems, commissioning, performance contracting, life-cycle costs, outsourcing, online procurement, alternative fuels, cool roofs, and sharing space.
Contracting for Success.
http://www.asbj.com/2004/12/1204ASBJcolgan.pdf Colgan, Craig American School Board Journal; v191 n12 , p26-28 ; Dec 2004
Advises on effective communication with contractors for outsourced facilities, IT, transportation, and food services. Positive and negative experiences in outsourcing are described.
Weigh Your Options.
http://www.asbj.com/2004/12/1204ASBJschweitzer.pdf Schweitzer, Diane American School Board Journal; v191 n12 , p29-31 ; Dec 2004
Compares the advantages and disadvantages of downsizing and outsourcing to reduce costs. Downsizing may yield short-term savings, but the long-term consequences of reduced employee morale and services are typically negative. Outsourcing should be considered on a service-by-service basis, as the loss of direct connection to services and employees may yield negative consequences similar to downsizing. The advantages of retaining services in house and supporting them with adequate training and professional supervision may outweigh the savings realized by outsourcing.
Hot Potato in the School Cafeteria: More Districts Outsource Their Food Services, but Some Raise Questions about Personnel Relations and Savings
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0JSD/is_8_61/ai_n6206003 Beem, Kate School Administrator; v61 n8 , p34-40 ; Sep 2004
School food service departments must operate as nonprofits, yet they need to make enough money to be self-sufficient. In this article, the author discusses the increasing number of school districts in the U.S. that are using the services of food service contract management companies.
Managed Services: An Insider's Perspective.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/721.shtm Kollie, Ellen School Planning and Management; v43 n8 , p21-24 ; Aug 2004
Presents an interview with facility planner Robert Sands in which he discusses the advantages of outsourcing custodial, grounds maintenance, and transportation services, where capitalization and liability expenses are the contractor s responsibility. Food service and maintenance are other areas for outsourcing, but these present more complications.
Outsourcing: Not Just to Cut Costs Anymore
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/844.shtm Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v7 n6 , p28-32 ; Jun 2004
Discusses the growth of outsourcing at higher education institutions to enhance and add amenities at present costs, as well as to reduce costs.
Getting More for Less.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_getting_less/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v76 n5 , p65-68 ; Jan 2004
Offers ten suggestion for more efficient facilities operation: a facilities database, preventive maintenance, reduced water use, energy management, multi-school residence halls, joint use of facilities, upgrading of technology for construction, involving stakeholders, outsourcing, and online purchasing.
Service vs. Revenue: Conflict or Convergence?
DeBard, Robert; Overland, Wanda I. College Planning and Management; v6 n8 , p28-29 ; Aug 2003
Discusses how administrators at Bowling Green State University, Ohio, worked to reconcile politics, economics, and today's consumer-oriented students as it renovated the student union, suggesting that a central issue for those responsible for determining services to be provided by student centers is what can best be outsourced and what can be kept effectively self-operated.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb055/is_200308/ai_hibm1G1108266257
Clean Sweep.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/page.cfm?p=310 Rivard, Nicole University Business; Jul 2003
How well is your campus maintained, and what is housekeeping really costing? Maybe it's time to clean up custodial service operations. This discusses whether or not to outsource and the rethinking of campus maintenance setups on several campuses.
Contracting Maintenance Services: An Easy Question, a Difficult Answer.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/522.shtm Geiger, Philip E. School Planning and Management; v42 n5 , p38,40-41 ; May 2003
Discusses issues involved in outsourcing school maintenance and custodial services. There are many advantages to this approach, but it has definite drawbacks. In many instances, a combination of contract and employee services works well.
In & Out Privileges.
http://www.schoolconstructionnews.com/ME2/Audiences Schneider, Jay W. School Construction News; v6 n4 , p27-29 ; May-Jun 2003
Presents an interview with Keith Reid, vice president of education services at a facility services outsourcing firm, about the conditions of today's college campuses, how schools are handling facility services, and the future of the industry.
A Worthy Investment.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_worthy_investment/ King, Gord American School and University; v75 n8 , hp8-hp11 ; Apr 2003
Discusses the benefits of a new approach to school and campus lighting, in which lighting is considered its own maintenance category and is often outsourced to companies that can handle planning, design, and maintenance, as well as offer buying discounts and inventory control.
Cutting Costs.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_cutting_costs/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v75 n5 , p20-23 ; Jan 2003
Offers ten suggestions for schools and universities to maximize their budgets: energy upgrades, security technology, maintenance management systems, partnerships, modernized washrooms, windows, facilities assessment, outsourcing, alternative fuels, and building commissioning.
Can You Really Do It Cheaper?
Edds, Daniel School Planning and Management; v41 n10 , p20-22 ; Oct 2002
Suggests principles for making decisions about outsourcing, privatizing, or contracting school services: know your costs, specify results within the request for proposal (RFP), and face reality and focus on the mission.
Tough Choices.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_contract_services_tough/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v74 n9 , p66B-66F ; May 2002
Explores the decision by colleges and universities to outsource or self-operate school services such as food, bookstores, and maintenance. Discusses factors influencing the decision, the pros and cons of outsourcing, and the importance of maintaining the goal of improving operations.
A New Curriculum: Energy Outsourcing Brings Cost and Energy Benefits.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/367.shtm Dickerman, Robert N. College Planning and Management; v5 n1 , p76-78 ; Jan 2002
Considers the value of colleges and universities upgrading their energy infrastructure and using outsourcing energy management functions to save money and gain greater control of energy operations without substantial investments in staff and resources.
Expect the Best, Plan for the Worst.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v5 n1 , p22-24,25,28 ; Jan 2002
Makes some observations on college and university disaster planning as these schools attempt to prepare for the possibility of campus terrorism following the attacks of September 11. Several highlighted articles provide additional thoughts on outsourcing security services, using security card systems, and learning how security will change in the future.
Keeping It Close to Home.
http://images.asumag.com/files/134/109as23.pdf Agron, Joe American School and University; v74 n1 , p24-28 ; Sep 2001
Presents survey findings on the extent to which schools and colleges are reducing their use of outsourced non-educational services. The survey results disclose common contract services, reasons why these services are acquired, the number of contract services now used by individual institutions, and the percentage of institutions that expect their use of contract services to increase over the next few years.
Smooth Sailing with Contract Services.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v4 n8 , p16-19 ; Aug 2001
Discusses how to make the contract services relationship work smoothly for educational facilities. Covers topics of food, child care, and transportation services, along with a brief explanation of the benefits of outsourcing on-campus amenities.
When Outsourcing Isn't the Answer.
Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v4 n8 , p24-25 ; Aug 2001
Discusses the rising trend of universities to collaborate in creating in-house services and to take control of their information network backbone rather than outsourcing. Provides examples of university collaborations.
Outsourcing Alternatives.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/238.shtm Enderle, Jerry School Planning and Management; v40 n4 , p23-24,26,28 ; Apr 2001
Reveals how outsourcing can save time, money, and headaches and addresses when outsourcing may be the right decision for a school. Recommended criteria for deciding on whether to outsource school services are listed.
Outsourcing Options.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v4 n3 , p46,48 ; Mar 2001
Discusses outsourcing as a university's solution to manage its information needs and other technology tasks. Compares and contrasts two types of outsourcing strategies: selective outsourcing and complete package outsourcing.
Finding Tech Support Outside the School.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/236.shtm Sturgeon, Julie School Planning and Management; v40 n3 , p61-62,64-65 ; Mar 2001
Discusses the benefits of K-12 school districts outsourcing their information technology needs and the most common ways to fund such contracts. Key steps towards IT outsourcing are presented.
Working with a Real Estate Developer.
http://www.learningbydesign.biz/2001/inprint/realestate.html Bell, Allen; Henderson, Mark Learning By Design; n10 , p18-20 ; 2001
Discusses outsourcing to an experienced real estate developer as a more efficient means of meeting school development goals on a strict time schedule. Advantages of outsourcing are covered as is advice on selecting the right development firm.
Job Ordering Contracting: Obtaining Construction Services Efficiently and Economically Through the JOC Delivery System.
Kashiwagi, Dean T. Educational Facility Planner; v36 n2 , p4-10 ; 2001
Discusses what job order contracting (JOC) for facilities managers is and its advantages and disadvantages. Also discusses the Center for Job Order Contracting Excellence, the impact of the "low- bid" award process, the benefits of JOC's use of multiple on-site contractors, and utilization of performance-based procurement and performance information.
When Is It Time To Contract Out Your Landscape Operations?
DeStefano, Stephanie Facilities Manager; v16 n5 , p42-45 ; Sep-Oct 2000
Discusses the option of privatizing school grounds operations and points to consider when trying to decide whether it is the best option for a school to use. Outsourcing contract writing and contract management are discussed.
Do It Yourself or Don't?
Rittner-Heir, Robbin M. School Planning and Management; v39 n8 , p49-53 ; Aug 2000
Discusses the decision making behind whether some school district services are better to be outsourced rather than done in- house. Issues examined include calculating the cost of in-house service delivery before turning to the private sector. A list of what questions to be addressed in the decision making process is included.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb4989/is_200008/ai_n18189386
It Takes a Revolution: A Case Study of Facilities Service Improvements at UCSB.
http://www.appa.org/FacilitiesManager/ Gonzales, David Facilities Manager; v16 n3 , p29-32 ; Jul-Aug 2000
Presents a case study on the successful revamping of the University of California Santa Barbara's Physical Facilities Maintenance and Operations Department. Each revamping step is discussed including issues involving morale and productivity, customer relations, outsourcing custodial services, teamwork, and the development of campus zone offices to increase maintenance and operations efficiency.
When Outsourcing O & M No Longer Works.
Wright, Dorothy College Planning and Management; v3 n6 , p37-38 ; Jun 2000
Explains why the University of Pennsylvania ceased contracting out the management of all its campus buildings. An interview with the school's facilities services president reveals the relationship between the university and it outsourcing contractor and the issues that arouse to terminate that relationship.
Outsourcing Support Services - School Administration
McClure, James A. School Administrator ; May 2000
In the squeeze to meet spiraling educational needs with shrinking resources, a growing number of school districts are turning to outside contractors for support services. It is an opportunity to save money and free educators to educate. But there's a catch: Making outsourcing a success is a learning process that demands careful planning, commitment and lots of communication.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0JSD/is_5_57/ai_77382343
Outsourcing: It's Not Just about Money Anymore.
http://www.appa.org/FacilitiesManager/ Keown, Cheryl Facilities Manager; Nov-Dec 1999
Presents survey data from college and university business officers on the growing popularity of outsourcing traditional in-house services. Overviews are presented on outsourcing operations and maintenance (O/M) and planning and construction (P/C). Regional analyses by region, type, size, and role of O/M and P/C services outsourcing are provided. Results show an increasing level of outsourcing activity for maintaining and expanding their facilities. (GR)
To Outsource or Not To Outsource?
Haertsch, Tom School Planning and Management; v38 n8 , p29-30 ; Aug 1999
Discusses the trends towards school districts outsourcing selected support services as a means of attaining organizational efficiency and cost control. What decision makers should look for when considering outsourcing is examined.
Successful Outsourcing.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/112.shtm Bruno, Nick College Planning and Management; v2 n4 , p39-40, 42-43 ; Apr 1999
Discusses practices that a college can use to outsource services and maximize the opportunity for financial and operational success. The importance of data gathering, consensus building, and goal setting are stressed, followed by tips on the preparation and completion of Requests for Proposals and recommendations for contract administration.
Ins and Outs of Privatization.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_ins_outs_privatization/ Daneman, Kathy American School and University; v71 n1 , p16, 18 ; Sep 1998
Discusses the pros and cons of privatization as a way of saving money while improving non-educational operations. The question of why some services should be kept in-house are addressed as well as what to look for when considering outsourcing. One school's experience with outsourcing health care services is highlighted.
Off-Balance Sheet Financing.
Adams, Matthew C. Facilities Manager; v14 n4 , p56-57 ; Jul-Aug 1998
Examines off-balance sheet financing, the facilities use of outsourcing for selected needs, as a means of saving operational costs and using facility assets efficiently. Examples of using outside sources for energy supply and food services, as well as partnering with business for facility expansion are provided. Concluding comments address tax regulatory issues.
How NOT To Get Outsourced.
Wellington, Thom Facilities Manager; v14 n4 , p39, 41-44 ; Jul-Aug 1998
Addresses outsourcing of school facilities services and the steps facilities services staff can take to help preserve their jobs. Steps include increasing organizational communication of staff efforts; investigating computer software to better manage service delivery; training and motivating staff in new ideas and practices; and establishing goals in training, operations, customer satisfaction, organizational skills, and personal skills.
Making the Buses Run.
Fickes, Michael School Planning and Management; v37 n5 , p39-42 ; May 1998
Examines the following issues concerning outsourcing student transportation services: cost; management needs and capabilities; goals; and politics. Critical areas of transportation management are highlighted such as personnel management, student management and discipline, risk management, fleet analysis, and routing and scheduling. (GR)
What's to Gain From Facilities Outsourcing?
May, Abigail EducationFM; v1 n1 ; Feb 1998
Presents two interviews in which university facilities managers discuss the pros and cons of outsourcing. Outsourcing is presented as one way to cut costs, but one expert warns that administrators may mistakenly use outsourcing as a temporary solution that entails few savings. Describes some of the reasons behind outsourcing and the challenges it presents to university administrators.
Facilities Management.
Bete, Tim, Ed. School Planning & Management; v37 n1 , p48 ; Jan 1998
Presents responses from Matt McGovern, "School Planning and Management's" Maintenance and Operations columnist, on the issue of school facility maintenance. McGovern does not believe schools will ever likely meet acceptable levels of maintenance, nor use infrared thermography for assessing roofs, outsource all maintenance work, nor find a pressing need to install self-cleaning toilets to save costs.
Changing of the Guard.
Agron, Joe American School & University; v70 n1 , p14-16,18 ; Sep 1997
Discusses privatization of noneducational services to help schools and
universities cut costs, and presents survey results from public schools and colleges concerning
their level and type of outsourcing. Included are reasons for and against privatization, the most
common contracts involved, and indications of whether the outsourcing trend will continue.
Custodial and Maintenance Staffing and Training for School Facilities http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/custodial_staffing.cfm (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC) NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on maintenance staffing guidelines, needs assessment, training, and procedures for school and university facilities.
Food Service Facilities and Student Dining Spaces http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/food_service.cfm (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC) NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on school and university food service facility planning, design, maintenance, and finance, including discussions of sanitation and equipment.
Parking and Transportation Issues for Schools http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/parking_transportation.cfm (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC) NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on school parking lots, bus loading zones, pedestrian walkways and sidewalks, school driveways, and related transportation issues.
School Facilities Management http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/facilities_management.cfm (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC) NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on the operations and management of school buildings and campus facilities.
School Maintenance and Operations Costs
http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/mo_costs.cfm (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC) NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles citing national and regional maintenance and operations costs, outsourcing, and cost reduction measures for the upkeep of school buildings and grounds.
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National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities at the National Institute of Building Sciences 1090 Vermont Ave., NW Suite 700, Washington, D.C. 20005 · Toll free: 888-552-0624 · 202-289-7800 · www.ncef.org Funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education |
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