Number of rural, suburban, and urban schools in the United States.

According to National Center for Education Statistics, there are

29,219 rural schools
24,476 suburban schools
22,522 schools in large or mid-size cities
11,856 schools in towns

The largest percent of students attend suburban schools (34%), followed by schools in cities (29%), rural areas (25%) and towns (12%).

SOURCES:

U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (2012). Numbers and Types of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools From the Common Core of Data: School Year 2010–11 (NCES 2012), http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2012/2012325.pdf